GSM stands for grams per square metre — literally the weight of a one-metre square of the fabric. A higher GSM means a denser, heavier, usually more durable and more opaque cloth. A lower GSM means lighter, cooler and cheaper. That's the whole concept.
The weight bands that matter
| GSM band | Feel | Typical use |
|---|---|---|
| 120–150 | Light, summer-weight | Fashion tees, promotional shirts, liners |
| 160–185 | Standard t-shirt weight | Everyday tees, value uniforms |
| 190–220 | Solid, holds shape | Quality tees, piqué polos |
| 220–260 | Premium, structured | Interlock polos, heavyweight tees, aprons |
| 260–320 | Heavy, warm, tough | Hoodies, sweatshirts, canvas aprons, workwear |
| 320+ | Very heavy / rugged | Outerwear, heavy-duty trousers, jackets |
The trade-off
Higher GSM = more durable and more opaque, but warmer, heavier and more expensive (more yarn per garment). The art of speccing is matching weight to climate and use — not just buying the heaviest you can.
How to choose by use
- Promotional / giveaway tees: 140–160 GSM keeps cost down for high volumes.
- Staff uniform tees: 180–200 GSM survives daily wear and washing.
- Corporate polos: 200–240 GSM looks and holds up best.
- Hoodies & sweats: 280–320 GSM for warmth and structure.
- Aprons & workwear: 240–300 GSM poly-cotton for abrasion and wash resistance.
A note on climate
For Southern European summers, err lighter — a 320 GSM polo will be uncomfortable in a Lisbon July. For Northern European or refrigerated environments, err heavier. The same garment can be ordered in two weights for summer and winter rotations.
Quick recommendation
- Decide the use and climate first.
- Pick a GSM band from the table above.
- Confirm with a physical sample before bulk — GSM on paper never beats handling the cloth.